英米豪における性感染症郵送検査の紹介—我が国との相違点を含め—

Naoko Okamoto; 岡本奈桜子; Yuriko NoJi; 野路裕理子; Kazushi Manda; 萬田和志

doi:10.24775/jjsti.O-2020-0010

英米豪における性感染症郵送検査の紹介—我が国との相違点を含め—The introduction of self-sampling tests for sexually transmitted diseases in the United Kingdom, the United States, and Australia comparing to differences with Japan

岡本奈桜子，野路裕理子，萬田和志Naoko Okamoto, Yuriko NoJi, Kazushi Manda

株式会社アルバコーポレーションALBA Corporation

発行日：2020年11月25日Published: November 25, 2020

英米豪における性感染症郵送検査の状況と本邦の実際との相違点等を考察し、郵送検査と自己検査との違いについて解説する。英米豪3カ国で2019年7月、Googleでキーワード検索した。それぞれ17、12、1件の郵送検査サービスが抽出された。郵送検査に関する行政の対応について、英国では国民保健サービスが主導して実施しており、米国では民間企業がサービス主体であるがFDAによる承認プロセスがあった。豪州の郵送検査は公的機関によるサービスであった。日本では郵送検査全体に適用される明確な規制や法律は無いが、関連法規に則って提供されている。現在サービス全体を評価する仕組みづくりが進んでいるが、法制化されたものは無いため事業者ごとのサービスの質に差がみられる。日本における郵送検査数の増加や公衆衛生学的な観点からの評価に鑑み、これら海外の制度や背景、利用状況も踏まえて制度づくりを進めることは有意義である。

We discuss the status of self-sampling tests for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the United Kingdom (UK), the United States (US), and Australia and the differences from the status of self-sampling tests for STDs in Japan. Moreover, we explain the differences between self-sampling test and self-testing.

We searched for self-sampling tests in the UK, US, and Australia on Google in July 2019. A total of 17, 12, and 1 self-sampling tests were found in each country, respectively.

Government response to self-sampling test varies. The NHS implements the service in the UK; most of the services in the US are run by private businesses, which are supervised by the Food and Drug Administration. The Australian government provides self-sampling test as a research project.

Japan does not have any regulations and laws regarding self-sampling tests since these services are provided in accordance with related laws by private companies.

The quality of those services differs from one provider to another owing to the absence of laws. Several kinds of efforts to develop a system for evaluating the entire service are now being made.

Considering the increasing number of self-sampling tests in Japan and the evaluation of a public health perspective, we believe that it is meaningful to develop a system based on overseas systems, background, and usage status.

Key words: STI home test; STI self-sampling test; postal test; Sexual health service; regulation

日本性感染症学会誌 Journal of Japanese Society for Sexually Transmitted Infections

総説総説

英米豪における性感染症郵送検査の紹介—我が国との相違点を含め—The introduction of self-sampling tests for sexually transmitted diseases in the United Kingdom, the United States, and Australia comparing to differences with Japan